EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science

The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.http://www.eurekalert.org en-usCopyright 2013 by the American Association for the Advancement of ScienceWed, 23 Jan 2013 13:39:04 ESTEurekAlert!http://www.eurekalert.org/images/logo.gifhttp://www.eurekalert.org The premier online source for science news since 1996. A service of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.60webmaster@eurekalert.org (EurekAlert!)(<i>Cornell University</i>) Working-class couples that buck convention and live together rather than marry take on traditional roles when it comes to housework, according to a new study by a Cornell University sociologist. Cohabiting women do a disproportionate share of the housework, even when the women work and the men don't - and even when the women want to share the housework more equally.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cu-hcg012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cu-hcg012313.php(<i>Association for Psychological Science</i>) People with color-grapheme synesthesia experience color when viewing written letters or numerals, usually with a particular color evoked by each grapheme (i.e., the letter 'A' evokes the color red). In a new study, researchers present data from 11 color grapheme synesthetes who had startlingly similar color-letter pairings that were traceable to childhood toys containing magnetic colored letters.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/afps-lam012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/afps-lam012313.php(<i>Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO)</i>) According to a study carried out by a team led by Mar?a Blasco, the director of the Spanish National Cancer Centre and head of the Telomeres and Telomerase Group, a sustained lowering of food intake over time results in an increase of telomere length -- the ends of chromosomes -- in adult mice, which has a protective effect on the DNA and genetic material.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cndi-crh012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cndi-crh012313.php(<i>American Chemical Society</i>) In a demonstration of the power of green chemistry, scientists are reporting development of a new and more efficient process for making one of the most costly and widely used medications for severe mental illness. Described in a report in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, it produces larger amounts of the medication than the existing commercial process while reducing the use of solvents and other potentially toxic substances.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/acs-mew012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/acs-mew012313.php(<i>NIH/Office of Disease Prevention</i>) An independent panel convened by the National Institutes of Health has issued a final report regarding future research and clinical priorities for polycystic ovary syndrome.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/nodp-prc012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/nodp-prc012313.php(<i>University of Southern California</i>) A new USC study finds evidence suggesting that the brain works hard to understand those who have different bodies when watching them in action.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uosc-ltb012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uosc-ltb012313.php(<i>SAGE Publications</i>) Special issue outlining the historical and social context of retirement as a concept and identifies some of the most dramatic broad-based forces of change that in recent years have shaken this established construct to its core.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/sp-rrn012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/sp-rrn012313.php(<i>Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres</i>) Already nowadays 10 percent or more of the population in the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile is affected by extreme heat or floods. These threats will tend to increase due to the continuous expansion of the Chilean capital, the consequent changes in land use and the influences of climate change. Because of that, the international research project ClimateAdaptationSantiago has developed, during the last three years, an Adaptation Plan to climate change.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/haog-sdc012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/haog-sdc012313.php(<i>Versita</i>) "Oleg Tarnopolsky has successfully blended his wealth of knowledge on theories and practice of English language teaching to construct a much-needed text on approaches to teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) at the university level."http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/v-apv012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/v-apv012313.php(<i>Max-Planck-Gesellschaft</i>) Researchers found that in chimpanzees the hormone oxytocin is likely to play a key role in maintaining social relations with both kin and non-kin cooperation partners.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/m-tbo012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/m-tbo012313.php(<i>Springer</i>) Is a female offender an anomaly? We tend to think of women as being less prone to violence than men. "She's a victim acting in self-defense" or "She's a deviant rebelling against standards of female behavior," we think. Either way, the evidence contradicts these popular perceptions of female violence, according to the new book Perceptions of Female Offenders -- How Stereotypes and Social Norms Affect Criminal Justice Responses, published by Springer.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/s-fc012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/s-fc012313.php(<i>European Science Foundation</i>) A new position paper, 'The Professionalisation of Academics as Teachers in Higher Education,' has been published today by the European Science Foundation.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/esf-ssc012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/esf-ssc012313.php(<i>Inderscience Publishers</i>) Forget digital fingerprints, iris recognition and voice identification, the next big thing in biometrics could be your knobbly knees. Just as a fingerprints and other body parts are unique to us as individuals and so can be used to prove who we are, so too are our kneecaps. Computer scientist Lior Shamir of Lawrence Technological University in Southfield, Michigan, has now demonstrated how a knee scan could be used to single us out.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/ip-kki012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/ip-kki012313.php(<i>Elhuyar Fundazioa</i>) How are non-heterosexual people affected by discrimination endured in the school environment due to their affective-sexual orientation? This question was the starting point in the Ph.D. thesis produced by the researcher Aitor Martxueta.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/ef-kei012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/ef-kei012313.php(<i>Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council</i>) In a speech later today, Minister for Universities and Science, David Willetts, will announce ?35 million funding to boost research in Industrial Biotechnology and Bioenergy.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/babs-ts012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/babs-ts012313.php(<i>University of Cambridge</i>) Experts believe that plain packaging of tobacco products would cut smoking, a new study has found. Tobacco control experts from around the world estimate that two years after the introduction of generic packaging the number of adult smokers would be reduced by one percentage point (in the UK, 21 to 20 percent), and the percentage of children trying smoking would be reduced by three percentage points (in the UK, 27 to 24 percent).http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uoc-ebp012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uoc-ebp012313.php(<i>University of Michigan Health System</i>) Only 1 in 5 parents say they are very concerned about children and teens misusing narcotics, according to U-M's National Poll on Children's Health.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uomh-pnt012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uomh-pnt012313.php(<i>University of Guelph</i>) Constraining choice isn't necessarily a good thing when it comes to managers' problem-solving, according to a new Canadian study. Managers tend to pick higher-risk options when forced to choose between competing alternatives to complex situations, according to researchers from the University of Guelph and University of Waterloo whose study was published recently in the Journal of Business Ethics.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uog-fcm012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uog-fcm012313.php(<i>Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus</i>) Neuroscientists from Tufts have found that our star-shaped brain cells may be responsible for the rapid improvement in mood in depressed patients after acute sleep deprivation. The researchers report that the findings may help lead to the development of effective and fast-acting drugs to treat depression, particularly in psychiatric emergencies.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/tuhs-aia012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/tuhs-aia012313.php(<i>University of Granada</i>) A new technique is based on a computing system designed by researchers at the Forensic Anthropology Laboratory of the University of Granada. This system is based on free software and has a reliability of 95 percent.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uog-rd012313.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/uog-rd012313.php(<i>Boston Children's Hospital</i>) While autism clearly runs in some families, few inherited genetic causes have been found. A major reason is that these causes are so varied that it's hard to find enough people with a given mutation to establish a clear pattern. Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have pinpointed several inherited mutations -- among the first to be identified -- through an unusual approach: Using whole-exome sequencing to study large Middle Eastern families with autism.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/bch-wsi012213.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/bch-wsi012213.php(<i>Duke University Medical Center</i>) All parents know the infant milestones: turning over, learning to crawl, standing, and taking that first unassisted step. Achieving each accomplishment presumably requires the formation of new connections among subsets of the billions of nerve cells in the infant's brain. But how, when and where those connections form has been a mystery. Now researchers at Duke Medicine have begun to find answers.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/dumc-nbc011713.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/dumc-nbc011713.php(<i>Wiley</i>) A new study published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine reveals that within a nationally representative study of American men and women, sex was rated as highly arousing and pleasurable whether or not condoms and/or lubricants were used. Condoms and lubricants are commonly used by both women and men when they have sex.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/w-nsr011613.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/w-nsr011613.php(<i>Cell Press</i>) The most consistent finding of autism research lies in the revelation that the disorders are incredibly complex. Two new studies in the Cell Press journal Neuron that add to the growing appreciation of this complexity focus on identifying inherited genetic mutations linked with autism spectrum disorders. The mutations -- which are distinct from the spontaneous mutations that have been the focus of previous studies -- may provide valuable insights into the causes of autism.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cp-spi011613.php Wed, 23 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/cp-spi011613.php(<i>Oregon State University</i>) Residents living near an e-waste recycling site in China face elevated risks of lung cancer.http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/osu-rnc012213.php Tue, 22 Jan 2013 00:00:00 ESThttp://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-01/osu-rnc012213.php

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